Wednesday, May 16, 2012

Proposal for starting a Peace Home near Ernakulam, Alwaye or Kotayam in Kerala, India

How I got the idea for a Peace Home: From the Personal to the Profound:
For many years my elder sister Shamshad had been saying that she would construct an old age home. However, it has not materialized so far. My colleague Ashok Row Kavi, also once discussed that he was interested in one which would take in MSM. Dr. Krishnakumar my classmate, when I visited him in Tiruvalla, a couple of years ago pointed out to me, the mushrooming of such homes in Kottayam district, where he was stationed.

It all began three or four months before I lost my father last year. Mummy had a mild stroke, and developed diabetic renal failure. After dialysis, and a couple of weeks in hospital she recovered, enough for us to shift to Alwaye which was much closer to the hospital.

Then it was Dad's turn, 88 yrs, with a 36 year history of Ischemic Heart Disease... he had severe chest pain that could not be relieved even after spending many days in ICU and the doctors took him for triple by pass surgery as the oldest person in Kerala to have undergone that surgery... he survived for twenty days after the surgery... and I always felt that I could not spend my last days with him, as he was in post-operative care...It must have been painful to live with Angina, for it is one of the most severe pains, and the chest pains would come once a year average...

The last week I was with Mummy and she was in hospital for low blood glucose, she for the first time insisted that I help her, and attend on her always, though my two sisters were also there.  Attending on Mummy and helping her, made me think how she must have done the same to me while feeding me when I was a kid, helpless, and totally dependent on Mummy. Now it was just a reversal of roles, and I must therefore payback my debt.
Helping Mummy was like caring for a big doll!  And it gives me inspiration, and earns me happiness, in that I am able to pay back my debt to her. She has looked after me for years and years. Must I not do the same? Therefore, I look forward to helping Mummy, and will not let any chance go wasted.

Working in Delhi, and with an ailing Mom in Alwaye, Kerala, I have been making sometimes monthly trips to Kerala. More times, I feel I am more wanted in Kerala than in Delhi, as my children have only a couple of years more to complete their studies in Delhi. At times, I feel the time spent with Mummy could be valued as infinite.With my daughter completing her fellowship with Tony Blair Faith Foundation and my son in final year Engineering, I also feel that I can afford to go into semi-retirement...for a while...

Thinking thus I was able to answer both my dilemma, and the guilt of not having had a chance to care for Dad. Well come to think of it, Delhi will not even notice my absence, when I eventually leave to Kerala. Experts here are dime-a-dozen. Whereas Mummy will gain so much from her one-and-only Rafique's presence and there may not be a chance again for Rafique to help and take care of his Mummy.

However, we are all human beings, and pine for what we do not have, or what we think are missed chances.Like the poet Shelley said:
"We look before and after and pine for what is not
 Our sincerest laughter with some pain is fraught
 Our sweetest songs are those that tell of saddest thought."

But these are rare times in one's life, when one has to rise above being an ordinary human being. I feel that time has now come...

From: http://guiltdilemma.blogspot.in/2012/05/working-in-delhi-and-with-ailing-mom-in.html

Vision: Reach out to and address care and support needs of the aged, women in crisis or facing difficult circumstances, the differently able and those requiring palliative care (Formulate vision statement with Peace Home staff in a workshop)

Goal: To help the lonely, neglected, destitute, abandoned and those unable, violated or threatened.

Objectives:
1: Establish a Peace Home providing long term and short term stay for those living in difficult circumstances or facing life threatening crisis
2: Set up a palliative care facility to address the needs of terminal cases who need to die with dignity
3: Ensure care support and coverage of those aged or differently able through a mobile medical van

Outcomes:
1.    A twenty-five room Peace Home for senior citizens run 96% by a self-financing scheme and 4% by donations, with all donations supporting one Free Room meant for those without any socio-economic and family support.
2.    The Peace Home will also provide Short Stay Home facilities in four (16%) of the twenty-five rooms for palliative care of terminal cases including HIV.
3.    Outreach by a Mobile medical care unit for the aged and the handicapped in surrounding villages (3);

This proposal is only about the first objective. It is not for submitting for funds.

Objective 1. Peace Home: God's Own home in God's own Country - Fulfilling your last dreams
A home of peace through love and care for elders who are lonely, neglected and destitute, so that they achieve their last dreams

For God is not a God of disorder but of peace. (1 Corinthians 14:33)

Great peace have they who love your law, and nothing can make them stumble. (Psalm 119:165)

Now may the Lord of peace himself give you peace at all times and in every way. The Lord be with all of you. (2 Thessalonians 3:16)

Why we call it Peace Home instead of old age home?
One of the oft-repeated prayer or dua that Muslims recite is:
اَللَّهُمَّ اَنْتَ السَّلامُ وَ مِنْكَ السَّلامُ وَ اِلَيْكَ يَرْجِعُ السَّلامُ، حَيِّنَا رَبَّنَا بِالسَّلامِ وَاَدْخِلْنَا دَارَا السَّلامِ تَبَارَكْتَ رَبَّنَا وَ تَعَالَيْتَ يَاذَالْجَلالِ وَ اْلاِكْرَامِ
Allahumma antassalamu, wa minkas salaamu wa ilaika yarjaus- salaamu; haiyinna rabbana bis-Salaami, wa adhkilna dar us-Salaami, tabarakta rabbana wa taalaiyt, ya dhal Jalaali wal Ikraam.
O Allah! You are Peace, and All Peace is from You; and all Peace returns to You. Grant us to live with the salutation of peace, and lead us to your abode of Peace. You are blessed, our Lord, and Exalted, O Owner of Magnificence and Honor!
[abu Dawud 2:62, ibn Majah 2:1267, at-Tirmidhi 5:515, Ahmad 5:360]

Similarly, one of the most recited prayers in Hinduism is:
TAMASO MA JYOTIR GAMAYA
असतो मा सद्गमय
तमसो मा ज्योतिर्गमय
मृत्योर् मा अमृतं गमय
ॐ शांति शांति शांति - बृहदारण्यक उपनिषद् 1.3.28.
Lead Us From the Unreal To the Real,
Lead Us From Darkness To Light,
Lead Us From Death To Immortality,
OM (the universal sound of God)
Let There Be Peace, Peace, Peace.
- Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 1.3.28

“The mind obtains bliss and eternal peace, meeting with the Deep and Profound Lord.”
(Sri Guru Granth Sahib)

Why we need Peace homes for our elders?
Longevity is a global phenomenon and a success of the 20th century, which has created enormous challenges to protecting and improving the quality of life for older men and women, especially in states like Kerala where there are more older people than elsewhere in India (1). In a global society which has oriented itself towards productivity and economic growth, we live with a section of population which is increasing with at an unprecedented speed, and is sadly perceived as a spent force, economically and emotionally dependent, passive and irrelevant.
The aging population is growing at an alarming rate. The estimated rapid increase of the elderly population in India (projected to reach 95 million by 2011 and 120 million by 2014), means the issues of the elderly can no longer be solely a family concern. 75% of these elderly reside in rural areas, one third of them are below the poverty line and 90% of them are from the informal employment sector - implying no pension or other social security support. It is worth mentioning that in India, 33% of these elderly live in areas vulnerable to natural disaster. In simple terms the greatest challenge ahead is formulating appropriate and customized responses to “caring for the needs of the elderly”.
The Indian family has traditionally provided natural social security to the old people by their families. However, in more recent times due to break down of joint family system and modern living style, the traditional role of the family is undertaken mostly by institutions known as 'old age homes' . We prefer to use the term Peace Home.
In Kerala, the 60-plus share of the population rose from 5 per cent in 1961 to roughly 8 per cent in 20 years, then by another three percentage points in the next 20 years. The next similar jump, to 14 per cent, is projected by 2016. And the 70-plus and 80-plus population, 10 lakh and 2.9 lakh in 1991, will multiply to a projected 25 lakh and 8 lakh in 2021. In Pathanamthitta district, those above 70 already represent 15 per cent of the population.The old-age support ratio, that of the working-age population (15-59) to the eldery population (60-plus), dropped from 9 in 1961 to 7 in 1991 and is projected to hit 4 by 2021(2)

Reasons why elders choose to stay in Peace Home:
  • Abuse
  • Boredom
  • Economic Insecurity
  • Failing Health
  • Fear
  • Isolation, Loneliness, Lack of Security
  • Inability to Mainstream
  • Lack of preparedness
  • Loss of Control
  • Lowered Self Esteem
  • Neglect
  • Disagreement and conflict with sons, or daughters or daughters-in-law.
  • Unable to adjust with other family members which leads them to be aloof in their house  and consequently in depression.
  • Seeking spiritual development in later life.
  • Children have no time to take care of their elders or taking care creates an atmosphere of tension and uneasiness in the family.
  • To avoid conflict and domestic quarrels at home.
  • Children of the elderly do not object and express no sadness at the decision of their parents to reside in old age home.
  • Elderly people feel that they must not be a burden or had been driven out of the family.

Advantages of staying in a Peace home: Adding life to years
  • Provide overall and age-specific health care with ability to pursue their last dreams
  • Improve the quality of life and self confidence of older people
  • Build the capacity of older people to support themselves
  • To ensure older people are not denied their due rights and state entitlements
  • Residents in the old age home do not experience social isolation, desolation, social loneliness and emotional loneliness.
  • They will be engaged in different activities of the peace home in overcoming loneliness, which improves their physical and mental health and enhances their self esteem.
  • In this peace home, they meet new friends from among  other residents of their age and share their experiences.
  • Residents will have self respect and lead a satisfactory and peaceful life without being a burden on their families.
  • Residents are in constant touch with their family members, through mobile, skype, and social media. Their children can visit them often or as per their convenience. Also they can call up their parents and ask about their health.
  • Even the residents themselves can visit their children quite often. This will show that both the elderly residents and their children have not severed their relations with each other, though earlier they found it difficult to stay together.
  • They feel happy when their grand children called them or visited them. The constant contact with the family members is one of the factors why they do not feel social loneliness. Consequently, they also do not experience desolation or isolation.
Residents & beneficiaries:
They will be disadvantaged older people who are 65+ (*)years of age and are living below poverty line. To ensure a comprehensive age care approach, older people are further classified on the basis of their ability - working, assisted and dependent. The Peace Home will further reach out to other vulnerable adults – those marginalized, widows and with disabilities; older people who have no regular source of income or family support; older people facing failing health and no access to health services and those who are deprived of rights and entitlements.

(*)As most of the older people belong to the unorganized sector, with no support mechanism for retirement, Peace Homes and Hospices Trust believes in preparing the older people for their old age.

A) Working /Active Older people
– Ability to work
– No ailments
– Physically active
– Require fiscal inputs to sustain themselves
B) Assisted Older people
– Ability to work but in spurts
– Chronic ailments like Hypertension /Arthritis
– Can be physically active with medical intervention
– Require fiscal inputs to support themselves
C) Destitute Older people
– Neither the Capacity or Ability to work
– Fully dependent &
– Need Medical and Physical (Food & Nutrition) inputs to live

Approach
“Rise in the presence of the aged, show respect for the elderly and revere your God. I am the Lord”  (Leviticus 19:32)

The Peace Homes and Hospices Trust will be working with communities wherever they are established. Therefore the Community Life Competence Process Approach will be applied. (Add herein relevant text on WoT and Wow, as well as on Self-Assessment, and Palliative Competence)

We hope to start either in Alwaye or near Kottayam. Although there will be emphasis on providing support to destitute elders, different modalities are being followed for different contexts:

A) Institution based, namely Peace Home will be working on limited but focused activities – health care, providing support to destitute elders and will also be part of advocating for the rights of older people in accessing their rights and benefit entitlements. They would help the beneficiaries apply for the various pension schemes applicable to them.

B) Community based projects will aspire to create the self sustainable structures within the communities where they are working, through all the activities. Therefore, while organising elders into Self Help Groups, the Peace  Home and Hospices Trust will emphasise that destitute elders are taken care through the activities initiated with active older people, such as community livelihood and/or grain bank facilities.

C) Promoting learning - A key outcome of the programme is that the Peace  Home and Hospices Trust will encourage learning at all levels. A number of the activities from successful pilots, like SHGs and their federation, community physiotherapy units and  community volunteer banks,  will be implemented. Monitoring activities and encouraging sharing of learning and good practice will be at the centre of this programme, ensuring also that older people themselves participate throughout.


Partner Profiling
The Peace Homes and Hospices Trust will be the managing as well as running the Peace Homes in India and would collaborate with local NGOs and or communities, SHG, and CBOs, if required. The probable list of Members namely: partners, patrons, donors, and other agencies and contacts is attached in Annexure 1.


Our Aim
Is to help the lonely, neglected, destitute and abandoned elderly.
Many among them must have spent their life in earning for their children and now they are left out or may be they must have lost what they had.
We would like to provide warm food, tea and snacks, tailor-made to their needs and likes, shelter, medical help and love them the most and equip them for after-life.
We will charge the elderly who can afford to pay and reserve two rooms of the home for free stay for those who are destitute and abandoned elders. Our profits would pay for the "free" rooms. There will be one free room for every twenty-five which will have free clients. There will be no discrimination between the free and paid clients in personal, food, medical, legal, housekeeping, or any other services, as all clients irrespective of free or paid will be treated as equal human beings, created by the same Lord.
We will strive to fulfill their last dreams, thus giving them joy and happiness and bringing the smiles back on their faces by providing them with the liberty to use the following services;
  • A comfortable stay.
  • Twenty-four hour allopathic doctor and, nursing team available in the premises. Consultant Doctors of any specialty will be on call and make visits-on-demand
  • Facilities for continuing and following up on Ayurvedic therapy will also be available
  • Keep them busy with daily activities like the following;
  • Morning exercise as per the capacity and capability in gym and Physiotherapy unit, or yoga, swimming, Jaccuzi, spa
  • Involving them in daily spiritual activities and religious education about life after death, if they so desire. However, there will be no compulsion in religious activities. Thus, they could choose from Meditation, yoga, or Prayer; or quite moments in inter-faith prayer room which is chapel, masjid, and temple in one with no images; reading daily scriptures,
  • Library for Reading; watching television; video games at the video parlor, listening to music
  • Indoor games with the help of youth volunteers and volunteer children from the community who are gifted with the talent to engaging elderly in indoor games and other entertaining activities).
  • Community Volunteers through SALT visits will spend time with them, doing petty tasks for them, thus exhibiting love, affection, and care, which they are missing from their families.
  • Make them feel young by asking and appreciating their childhood and most happy moments, and achievements.
  • Evening walk in the garden.
  • Group prayers, Group meetings, Group work and activities,
  • Help them in communicating with their family and clear misunderstanding if any.
  • Also help them in getting their benefits from the government as senior citizens.
  • Legal aid for wills and testaments, division of property, settlement of outstanding bills, disputes, and looking after or disposal of other assets.
Objective II: Peace Hospice
Adapted from e-mail discussion with Neelakandan : The Peace Hospice will function from the four short-stay rooms. Here terminally-ill, bed-ridden patients can be taken care of. The reason it has a good market is that most of the cancer institutes,  once they finish the CT,  RT, and surgery , exhausting all the imaging modalities on the patients, they ask the patients to care of themselves at local hospitals.  Local hospitals because of medico-legal problems following the death of patients, do not accept terminally-ill patients. Also, super-specialty hospitals cannot block their beds for palliative care. On the other hand, for terminal cases, palliative care at home is also painful both for the patient as well as for the family members.

As for Medico-legal problems, we must have a good admin person and support staff who must communicate to the patient and the attenders as the case may be the true nature of the case, and the foreseen requirements.

Geetha Narayan comments: "A proposal from the heart! it is meant for generating public and volunteer support not only for resource support organisation. I agree with you that it is important to segregate a short stay home and a home for elders since the issues, nature of case work could be different. I would suggest to include counselors in the staff list. As we all know geriatric counseling is a separate sector. Pl include social work trainees as interns too!It is a good example of social enterprise.but is there a possibility of increasing that 4%?"

Students of social entrepreneurship courses can also be mobilized as volunteers.

Our requirements
We need sponsors for the following;
1. A good plot of land that could be used for;
- Private rooms to accommodate 27 elders, of which 25 will be paid.
- To grow vegetables and fruits for day to day consumption.
- Rear poultry, cattle, goat, and breed fish which we can use for our daily consumption or, raise income to run the Peace home.
*Do try to find out under the Land Survey Plan if some plot is marked for such community services. You may be able to avail of land at a cheaper rate
 
2. Construction work as follows:
- Perimeter wall
- 25 individual rooms with attached Toilet and bathroom
- Dormitories ( Male & Female )
- Inter-faith Prayer hall,
- Kitchen
- Dining area
- Office and reception
- Recreation hall, with Library, video parlour, Internet Cafe, Audio, TV facilities
- Generator & Electric room
- Staff accommodation
- Mortuary
3. Other facility as follows:
- Solar or Electric power
- Bore well, Swimming Pool, Jaccuzi, spa
- Furniture and fittings (bed, wheel chair, etc.)
- Ambulance van
- Computer and telephones
-  Video security cameras
- Soft Furnishing
- Crockery and Cutlery
4. Human resource as follows:
- Trainee Nurses
- Nursing Assistants
- Cooks
- Helpers
- Gardner
- Security

Suggestions from Suresh Sundar
**The aged are bound to fall ill often. Pl. see that good backup medical support is available, so that relatives do not have to rush every time the inmates are in a medical crisis.
***Staffing the proposed center with dedicated and competent male and lady nursing aides may sometimes be a real challenge


Anshuman suggests:
since the budget has been prepared for a 10 year period it is important to take into account inflation for projecting the recurring expenses...govt subsidy may be available for solar power that can be calculated and factored in


“Do not withhold good from those who deserve it, when it is in you power to act. Do not say to your neighbor, “Come back later, I'll give it tomorrow”- when you have it with you” (Proverbs 3: 27-28)




5 Our estimate summary for 10 Yrs
See for the excel sheet with the budget: http://tinyurl.com/dyyx8uy


RECEIPTS
Opening Balance
Capital
Partner 1 2500000
Partner 2 2500000
Partner 3 2500000
Donations, Community Collections, 80CC,  for 1 Free Room 1866983
Income  from 20 Clients at average of 1000000
5 persons in Year 1
7 Persons in Year 2
8 Persons in Year 3
20000000
From 4 Short Stay Home Rooms 6175200
Other Receipts
Total Receipts            35,542,183
PAYMENTS
Capital  with Start-up Cost
Land (Building 0.5 acre + surrounding 0.5 to 1.5 ares) 1000000
Perimeter wall or fence 100000
Total construction @ Rs.800 per sq. feet
In First Year:  10 rooms + 2 extra of 15 X 15
In Second Year : 10 rooms +2 extra of 15 X 15
In Third Year: 5 rooms of 15 X 15
5220000
Solar power for Electricity & Hot water 200000
Bore well & Swimming Pool 30x12x5, spa, Jaccuzi 300000
Furnishing: Hard & Soft; Crockery & Cutlery 400000
Ambulance Van 500000
Hospice support equipments 200000
Office equipment: Computer Library, video parlour, Internet Cafe, Audio, TV facilities, telephone, gym 400000
Sub Total of Capital Costs               8,320,000
Recurring with Resident Personnel  Cost for 10 years
Legal, HR, & Admin Director -1 6000000
Medical Director-1 6000000
Accountant -1   480000
Cooks -2 1824000
Nursing Assistants -4  2736000
Trainee Nurses -2 960000
Gardner & Security -2 912000
Housekeeping: Cleaning & Washing including linen - 4 1776000
Food & Beverages 3456000
Medications & Care * Not-too costly treatments 1320000
Electricity, Fuel, Water, Audits  1140000
Legal and professional fees, Ads, Travel, Canvassing, Website & Maintenance 350000
Sub Total of Recurring Costs 26954000
 Total Costs              35,274,000
Surplus    268183 




About Rafique:
Dr. E. Mohamed Rafique was the Resource Person on HIV for the Tata Group of Companies in India. He developed the first Workplace Intervention on HIV in India, the first Workplace Policy on HIV in India and the benchmarks for Workplace Interventions on HIV in India. He has presented at more than twenty-five international conferences on HIV, STI and sexual Health. Rafique is also the author of an Interactive Web site on HIV, that aims at teaching sexual health in a fun-filled way. This site won him the MacArthur Foundation's Fellowship Award for Leadership Development in 2001. He started for the first time the Indian Business Coalition on AIDS. In 2005, he was selected by the UN Country Team as the first Resource Person and Moderator for the AIDS Community in India, working under the direct supervision of the UNAIDS Country Coordinator, facilitating and guiding this virtual but vibrant Community till it reached 4000 members. Rafique then worked as the Consultant Country Team Leader for the EMPHASIS Project in CARE India. EMPHASIS is the acronym for Enhancing Mobile Populations' Access to HIV & AIDS Services in South Asia. He has completed more than ten UN Consultancies.

“Do not conform any longer to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind” (Romans 12:2)

Our faith
(Stress on the Inter-faith and spirituality aspect, the philosophy of commonalities, and Insert relevant quotes from all the Holy Scriptures including Upanishads and the Vedas)
“Religion that God our Father accepts as pure and faultless is this: to look after orphans and
widows in their distress and to keep oneself from being polluted by the world”. (James 1:27)

"It is not righteousness that ye turn your faces Towards east or West; but it is righteousness- to believe in Allah and the Last Day, and the Angels, and the Book, and the Messengers; to spend of your substance, out of love for Him, for your kin, for orphans, for the needy, for the wayfarer, for those who ask, and for the ransom of slaves; to be steadfast in prayer, and practice regular charity; to fulfil the contracts which ye have made; and to be firm and patient, in pain (or suffering) and adversity, and throughout all periods of panic. Such are the people of truth, the Allah-fearing".  (Holy Quran 2.177) (4)

About Alwaye or Kottayam
(Insert a URL)
What’s in it for You?
  • Those who invest one-third or one-fourth the start-up cost will be one-of-three, or one-of-four Partners respectively. They  will decide the constitution of the Peace Home and Hospices Trust,  who the other Non-Voting or Honorary Members are, with whom they will form the Governing Board. Partners will have voting rights in the decisions, while Honorary members will not have voting rights. The invested money will be returned, as decided by the board on seeing the annual and semi-annual audited statement of accounts.   
  • Those who donate Rs. 10,00,000/- will have a preferential stay for them or for their close relatives in one of the rooms. Their name will be written on a marble plaque under “Patrons”. The amount for a couple deciding to stay in one room will be calculated at actual costs. Presently I estimate that it will be around 15,00,000.
  • Donors above Rs.25,000/-  up to 9,99,999 will have their names written on Marble Plaques under “Donors” and donation below 25,000 will be accepted, and acknowledged by receipt. Any donation, however small will be accepted. All donations below 10,00,000 will be used for supporting Free home stay
All donations will be exempt from Income Tac under 80cc .

Conclusion
Why is general charity or Zakaat a basic duty in Islam?
Because it brings out the best and highest qualities in a person, which is really the object of existence according to Islam. God has given to each person various capabilities and resources, such as knowledge, money, strength, some talent, resources or skill. Every individual must use whatever he or she has been given to benefit other people as well as the rest of God's creation, and not for selfish ends.

Thus, volunteering with might and main for Peace Homes is putting this principle into practice, bringing in its wake not only relief for the distress and relieving the suffering of the needy, but also abolishing man's selfishness and greed, thus ushering peace into society by bringing mankind together to work for and help one another, just because we all believe the Lord made us all.

For those who give in charity, men and women, and loan to Allah a Beautiful Loan, it shall be increased manifold (to their credit), and they shall have (besides) a liberal reward. (Holy Quran 57.018)



Missing in this document:
Workplan and Timeline
TOR or JD for each of the staff
Working Systems in old age homes, like procurement, delivery of services
What worked and what did not work

The Peace Homes and Hospices Trust Registration

The Peace Homes and Hospices Trust will be registered by Aug 2012 in the Sub Registrar Office at Kochi, Kerala State – India.

Annexure 1: Probable Partners
Nursing Colleges for passing trained nurses
Community Volunteers of all ages
College and School Students

MINISTRY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE & EMPOWERMENT

D Nip Care
A-170, Pandara Road,
New Delhi-11003.

The General Secretary,
Mother India Community Development Association,
24-16, NGO's Colony
Puttur - 517 583,
Chittoor District,
Andhra Pradesh,
INDIA.
Phone No. (91) - 98577 - 31782

Annexure 2: Probable Patrons
Classmates of Rafique
Retired Relatives


References:
1)  Rapid ageing challenges Kerala
http://www.indianexpress.com/news/rapid-ageing-challenges-kerala/857772/0
2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12316022
3) For Objective 2 and 3 and their integration with Peace Home, see Advanced Care at: http://www.wao.or.jp/yamanoi/report/lunds/8_2.htm
4) Quranic quotes on Zakat and charity: http://www.biharanjuman.org/charity.htm
5) Shanti Mantra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanti_Mantra
6) List of Old age homes in Kerala
www.pagindia.com/OldAgeHomes.pdf
http://sanshindia.wordpress.com/oldage-homes-in-kerala/